Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) commonly used in the treatment of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. It works by blocking estrogen’s effects on breast tissue, which can help slow or stop the growth of tumors that require estrogen to thrive. Tamoxifen is often prescribed for both premenopausal and postmenopausal women diagnosed with breast cancer and is also used as a preventive measure for women at high risk of developing the disease.
Typically taken as an oral tablet, the medication may have side effects, including hot flashes, vaginal discharge, and increased risk of blood clots. Treatment usually lasts for five to ten years, depending on individual risk factors and cancer characteristics. In addition to breast cancer treatment, tamoxifen is also being researched for its potential benefits in other conditions, such as infertility and endometriosis. Overall, tamoxifen has played a significant role in improving breast cancer survival rates since its introduction in the 1970s.